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可靠性 10

可靠度 3

可靠性灵敏度 3

多目标优化 3

失效概率 3

稳健设计 3

优化设计 2

可靠性分析 2

可靠性设计 2

可靠性；维修性；保障性；指标量化 2

寿命 2

时变可靠度 2

Gibbs抽样 1

MCMC模拟 1

PPP项目 1

Weibull分布 1

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一致性哈希表；副本布局；能源管理；键值存储系统；可靠性 1

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Evaluation of the contract reliability for alternative infrastructure project delivery: a contract engineering

Bing WANG, Qingbin CUI, Shuibo ZHANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 239-248 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0018-3

摘要： Governments at all levels are increasingly motivating the private sector to participate in infrastructure development using alternative project delivery methods to relieve financial burden. When designing contracts, governments usually offer incentives while requiring cost or time guarantee to balance project attractiveness to the private sector and fair protection of public interest. However, a practical and critical problem is how to properly design these provisions. Although previous studies have investigated the value of these provisions, a knowledge gap still exists with respect to methods of fairly and effectively designing such provisions. This study fills this gap by developing a methodology that analyzes the appropriateness of guarantee or warranty provisions for contracts. In this study, a contract reliability index is constructed, and a process of evaluating contract reliability is proposed. The New Mexico Highway 44 project, in which three warranty provision arrangements are investigated, is used as a case study to illustrate the analysis process. Results show that although a ceiling clause can effectively motivate the private sector to participate in the project, it sacrifices a significant amount of public benefits. By contrast, although a warranty option can protect public benefits, it cannot effectively incentivize the private sector. A combination of the ceiling clause and the warranty option will therefore result in improved contract provision design. The proposed methodology in this study is especially useful for governments in properly determining contract clauses in infrastructure development.

关键词： infrastructure development contract design contract reliability guarantee provision contract engineering

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Smart contract applications in the built environment: How prepared are Nigerian construction stakeholders

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0275-z

摘要： Studies have demonstrated that advanced technology, such as smart contract applications, can enhance both pre- and post-contract administration within the built environment sector. Smart contract technology, exemplifying blockchain technologies, has the potential to improve transparency, trust, and the security of data transactions within this sector. However, there is a dearth of academic literature concerning smart contract applications within the construction industries of developing countries, with a specific focus on Nigeria. Consequently, this study seeks to explore the relevance of smart contract technology and address the challenges impeding its adoption, offering strategies to mitigate the obstacles faced by smart contract applications. To investigate the stakeholders, this research conducted 14 virtual interview sessions to achieve data saturation. The interviewees encompassed project management practitioners, senior management personnel from construction companies, experts in construction dispute resolution, professionals in construction software, and representatives from government construction agencies. The data obtained from these interviews underwent thorough analysis employing a thematic approach. The study duly recognizes the significance of smart contract applications within the sector. Among the 12 identified barriers, issues such as identity theft and data leakage, communication and synchronization challenges, high computational expenses, lack of driving impetus, excessive electricity consumption, intricate implementation processes, absence of a universally applicable legal framework, and the lack of a localized legal framework were recurrent impediments affecting the adoption of smart contract applications within the sector. The study also delves into comprehensive measures to mitigate these barriers. In conclusion, this study critically evaluates the relevance of smart contract applications within the built environment, with a specific focus on promoting their usage. It may serve as a pioneering effort, especially within the context of Nigeria.

关键词： built environment industry digitalization Nigeria smart contract technological revolution

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Collaborative adoption of blockchain technology: A supply chain contract perspective

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 121-142 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0239-8

摘要： The outbreak of COVID-19 has significantly affected the development of enterprises. In the post-pandemic era, blockchain technology has become one of the important technologies to help enterprises quickly gain market competitiveness. The heavy investment required of supply chain stakeholders to employ blockchain technology has hindered its adoption and application. To tackle this issue, this study aims to facilitate the adoption of blockchain technology in a supply chain consisting of a core enterprise and a small/medium-sized enterprise through an effective supply chain contract. We analyze the performance of a cost-sharing (CS) contract and a revenue-sharing (RS) contract and propose a new hybrid CS-RS contract for better performance. We conduct comparative analyses of the three contracts and find that the hybrid CS-RS contract can more effectively incentivize both parties to reach the highest level of blockchain technology adoption and achieve supply chain coordination.

关键词： blockchain collaborative adoption cost sharing revenue sharing hybrid contract

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The Supply Chain Contract Design under Cap-and-Trade Mechanism with Free Riding

Fu-qiang Wang,Jun Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第3期页码 277-286 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015049

摘要： This paper studies the influence of free riding on enterprise product pricing and carbon emissions reduction investment, as well as the contract design to achieve supply chain coordination under the carbon trading mechanism. First, we discuss the situation where carbon emissions reduction investment affects the product price and income. It demonstrates that the optimal investment of the upstream manufacturer increases with the degree of the free riding of the downstream manufacturer. The upstream manufacturer can improve their carbon reduction investment and the whole supply chain achieves Pareto improvement when the investment cost sharing contract is introduced. Nevertheless, under the cost-sharing contract the optimal investment of the decentralized supply chain is still lower than that of the centralized supply chain, and only in some particular cases can the two types of supply chain achieve equal total profits. Then, we preliminarily explore the situation where the product price and income is influenced by carbon emissions reduction investment. The consequences indicate that the optimal investment of the upstream manufacturers in this situation is less than the former one’s, and the transfer payment mechanism is able to improve the level of the supply chain overall carbon emissions-reduction. Moreover, compared to the former situation, the effects of free riding of the downstream manufacturer are even more serious. The conclusions can provide some intellectual support for manufacturing enterprises to make reasonable emissions reduction strategies and coordinate the supply chain existing in free riding.

关键词： carbon emissions reduction free riding supply chain contract design cap-and-trade

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Blockchain-based smart contract for smart payment in construction: A focus on the payment freezing and

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第2期页码 177-195 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0184-y

摘要： Late payment, and indeed no payment, is a rampant and chronic problem that has plagued the global construction industry for too long. Recent development in blockchain technology, particularly its smart contract, seems to provide a new opportunity to improve this old problem. However, this opportunity is largely unexploited. This study aims to develop a blockchain-based smart contract (BBSC) system for smart payment in the construction industry by focusing on the fundamental cycle of payment freezing (sometimes also synonymously called payment guarantees) and disbursement application. Firstly, a BBSC framework, containing three processes of (a) initiation and configuration, (b) payment freezing, and (c) disbursement application, is developed. Next, based on the framework, the system architecture of the BBSC system, containing three layers of (1) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), (2) Blockchain as a Service (BaaS), and (3) Software as a Service (SaaS) is proposed and elaborated. Finally, based on the system architecture, a BBSC prototype system is developed using a real-life modular construction project as a case study. It was found that the prototype system can improve the certainty and efficiency of the progress payment, thereby enabling smart payment in construction transactions. Without advocating radical changes (e.g., the contractual relationships or the intermediate role of banks in modern construction projects), the prototype can be developed into a real-life BBSC system that can work compatibly with current advancements in the field. Future works are recommended to fine-tune the findings and translate and implement them in real-life applications.

关键词： blockchain construction project smart contract smart payment payment dispute

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合同管理是项目管理的核心——小浪底水利枢纽国际合同管理的经验与体会

张基尧

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第4期页码 54-67

摘要：

小浪底水利枢纽是治理黄河的重要控制性工程，它以地质复杂、布置困难、技术要求高、管理难度大而得到我国水利水电行业的普遍关注，尤其是由于其全方位实施国际招标，成为我国水利工程第一个全面与国际接轨的项目。小浪底水利枢纽至今已建成并成功运行10年，发挥了巨大的社会、经济和生态效益。小浪底工程建设中三大国际承包联营体隶属的40多个国家和地区的承包商、分包商，与项目业主之间围绕合同管理，呈现出多方利益主体之间的博弈。小浪底建管局依靠各方支持，在团结全体建设者优质高效地建成小浪底工程的同时，妥善处理纷繁复杂的各种合同纠

关键词：项目管理合同管理小浪底水利枢纽

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现代工程项目三方合同系统研究

林基础,成虎

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第11期页码 93-96

摘要：

对三方合同进行了系统的分析和研究，提出三方合同的概念、常见类型及其特征以及日后在三方合同研究工作中需要解决的问题。

关键词：现代工程项目三方合同常见类型合同特征系统研究

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Current status and prospects of reliability systems engineering in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 492-502 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0172-2

摘要： This study provides a systematic overview of the advent and evolution of reliability systems engineering (RSE) in China, and the latest RSE development, that is, model-based RSE (MBRSE), is emphatically introduced. The establishment of the system architecture and conceptual models of MBRSE is first described. The fundamental theory and methodology of MBRSE are then elaborated, with a V-model as the core of this approach. The development of various MBRSE platforms and the effectiveness of their implementation over the past 30 years are presented. The prospective trends in the development of RSE in China are outlined.

关键词： reliability effectiveness model-based systems engineering reliability systems engineering

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Human reliability in maintenance task

Pacaiova HANA,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第2期页码 184-188 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0002-4

摘要： Maintenance management requirements have another dimension in the present as in the past. Looking for the optimal tools of decision processing is hard. The current concepts have represented the integration of theoretical, technical, and management tools whose applications need actual modification. Technical measurements are expensive and take a long time/term, and it is hard to estimate the economical returns. This paper presents the concept of a maintenance management task and its function in preventing major accidents. The importance of considering the reliability of maintenance tasks and the method to reach it are also discussed in this paper.

关键词： maintenance risk assessment failure reliability prevention

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伙伴合作模式工程合同的进化——新工程合同

刘正光

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第12期页码 81-84

摘要：

随着社会的发展,工程行业变得十分复杂,因而传统的施工合同已经不能满足工程界日益多元化的发展。因此,英国土木工程师学会和业界经过广泛研究和讨论,一致同意要改善业界互相监视和不信任的现状,因而在1993年,推出新工程合同(NEC), 鼓励成立“团体精神”,即建立良好伙伴关系。经过近20年的应用,NEC成效卓越。香港特区政府也在2009年跟进,试验性地引用NEC。文章介绍了第一个引用NEC项目的经验,该项目成果证明NEC可节省工期和工程费用,减少合同争端,增加成本效益，因而大大增强了业界引用NEC的信心。

关键词：传统工程合同新工程合同新工程合同经验

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An overview of the reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 531-544 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0167-z

摘要： Power grids deliver energy, and telecommunication networks transmit information. These two facilities are critical to human society. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive overview of the development of reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks. The main purpose of this review is to promote and support the formulation of communication network reliability metrics with reference to the development of power grid reliability. We classify the metrics of power grid into the reliability of power distribution and generation/transmission and the metrics of telecommunication network into connectivity-based, performance-based, and state-based metrics. Then, we exhibit and discuss the difference between the situations of the reliability metrics of the two systems. To conclude this study, we conceive a few topics for future research and development for telecommunication network reliability metrics.

关键词： reliability metrics power grids telecommunication networks

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System reliability and system resilience

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 615-619 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0176-y

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Special issue: Reliability management of complex system

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 477-479 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0175-z

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Reliability design method for steam turbine blades

SHI Jinyuan

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 363-368 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0073-7

摘要： Based on theories of probability and statistics, and taking static stresses, dynamic stresses, endurance strength, safety ratios, vibration frequencies and exciting force frequencies of blades as random variables, a reliability design method for steam turbine blades is presented. The purport and calculation method for blade reliability are expounded. The distribution parameters of random variables are determined after analysis and numerical calculation of test data. The fatigue strength and the vibration design reliability of turbine blades are determined with the aid of a probabilistic design method and by interference models for stress distribution and strength distribution. Some blade reliability design calculation formulas for a dynamic stress design method, a safety ratio design method for fatigue strength, and a vibration reliability design method for the first and second types of tuned blades and a packet of blades on a disk connected closely, are given together with some practical examples. With these methods, the design reliability of steam turbine blades can be guaranteed in the design stage. This research may provide some scientific basis for reliability design of steam turbine blades.

关键词： design reliability force probability purport reliability design

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A reliability growth model for 300?MW pumped-storage power units

Jinyuan SHI , Yu YANG , Zhicheng DENG ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 337-340 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0032-y

摘要： A reliability growth model for pumped-storage power units is presented. Ways for estimating and fitting on checking the model’s parameters are given together with analysis results concerning the reliability growth of 300MW pumped-storage power units. On site operation, reliability data show that the reliability growth model conforms to rules of reliability growth tendency. Analysis results of reliability growth indicate that measures taken for improving maintenance and operation by the pumped-storage power companies are effective and that the reliability of the 300MW pumped-storage power units exhibits a rising tendency.

关键词： pump-storage power unit availability reliability growth reliability prediction